Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic and molecular patterns of biofilm formation in infection and colonization isolates of Acinetobacter spp. from patients who were admitted in a public hospital of Recife-PE-Brazil in 2018-2019. For the biofilm phenotypic analysis, Acinetobacter spp. isolates were evaluated by the crystal violet staining method; the search of virulence genes (bap, ompA, epsA, csuE and bfmS) was performed by PCR; and the ERIC-PCR was performed for molecular typing. Amongst the 38 Acinetobacter spp. isolates, 20 were isolated from infections and 18 from colonization. The resistance profile pointed that 86.85% (33/38) of the isolates were multidrug-resistant, being three infection isolates, and two colonization isolates resistant to polymyxin B. All the isolates were able to produce biofilm and they had at least one of the investigated virulence genes on their molecular profile, but the bap gene was found in 100% of them. No clones were detected by ERIC-PCR. There was no correlation between biofilm formation and the resistance profile of the bacteria, neither to the molecular profile of the virulence genes. Thus, the ability of Acinetobacter spp. to form biofilm is probably related to the high frequency of virulence genes.

Abstract Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) has become a serious public health problem and the biofilm formation aggravates this problem. The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of β-lactamases and quorum sensing (QS) genes in CRPA isolates, analyze production of biofilm, evaluate the response against meropenem (MPM) and∕or polymyxin B (POL B) and its association with azythromicin (AZT) using quantum dots (QDs) and proteomic analysis. Six CRPA isolates were analyzed. β-lactamases and QS genes were search using specific PCRs and were tested for biofilm production by quantitative technique. A CRPA isolate, containing blaKPC gene and biofilm-producing, was selected to assess its response to therapy using QDs and the MALDI-TOF. The β-lactamase detected was blaKPC in 66.7% of the isolates. All isolates were biofilm producers and carriers of the QS genes. QDs-MPM conjugates triggered the formation of biofilm and the association with AZT inhibited this effect. Proteomics analysis showed that treatments with MPM or POL B suppressed the expression of the transglycosylase protein, while combined therapy with AZT induced expression of the RpoN protein. Thus, this study shows that the use of fluorescence combined with the proteomics analysis was promising to understand how a CRPA strain reacts to antimicrobial treatment.

Para se realizar o estudo comparativo da filariose bancroftiana na área metropolitana do Recife, foram selecionados dois bairros da cidade do Recife (Santo Amaro e Campo Grande) e dois bairros da cidade de Olinda (Sapucaia e Salgadinho), segundo critério apoiado na semelhança das características sócio-econômicas e demográficas e dos níveis endêmicos de filariose. As áreas foram divididas em conglomerados, com 25 casas em média. A amostra populacional foi estratificada por sexo e faixa etária de 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 e igual ou superior a 60 anos. Os dados parasitológicos foram obtidos por meio da gota espessa mensurada (60µl de sangue), coletada entre as 20 e 24 horas, processada e corada pelo método de Carrazi. Os dados obtidos foram descritos em tabelas, e a densidade parasitária e freqüência microfilarêmica analisadas através de gráficos com expressão logarítima. De maneira global, Recife apresentou prevalência de 13,5%, e Olinda, 12,3%. Quando comparamos a densidade parasitária, Olinda apresentou valor médio de 70 microfilárias por 60µl de sangue, e Recife, 41. Em relação aos índices microfilarêmicos, o maior ocorreu na faixa etária de 20-29 anos. Em Olinda, por outro lado, situou se entre 30-39 anos e em indivíduos do sexo masculino. Os autores concluem que a endemia apresenta níveis endêmicos do passado, e os dados descritos alertam para uma reavaliação das campanhas de controle realizadas pela Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FNS), já que a endemia atinge dimensões ainda não mensuradas.

Two districts in Recife (Santo Amaro and Campo Grande) and two districts in Olinda (Sapucaia and Salgadinho), were selected for a comparative study of bancroftian filariasis in Greater Recife. Selection parameters included similar socio-economic, demographic, and endemic levels of lymphatic filariasis. In the districts studied, streets were chosen randomly. These clusters consisted of 110 people each. A population sample was stratified by sex and age: 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60 years old and over. The parasitological data were obtained by measuring thick blood smears (60µl), collected from 8:00 to 12:00 PM and processed and stained with hematoxylin. The data were described in tables, and logarithimic expression graphics were used to analyze parasitic densities. In general, Recife showed a prevalence of 13.5%, and Olinda 12.3%. Mean parasitic densities were 41 and 70 microfilariae/60µl (mf/60µl), respectively. Higher microfilaremic rates were observed in Recife for the 20-29-year age bracket and in Olinda in the 30-39-year bracket. The authors concluded that the disease has returned to former endemic levels, and the data described call for a reevaluation of control campaigns carried out by the Brazilian National Health Foundation, since the endemic has already reached serious proportions.

Para se realizar o estudo comparativo da filariose bancroftiana na área metropolitana do Recife, foram selecionados dois bairros da cidade do Recife (Santo Amaro e Campo Grande) e dois bairros da cidade de Olinda (Sapucaia e Salgadinho), segundo critério apoiado na semelhança das características sócio-econômicas e demográficas e dos níveis endêmicos de filariose. As áreas foram divididas em conglomerados, com 25 casas em média. A amostra populacional foi estratificada por sexo e faixa etária de 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 e igual ou superior a 60 anos. Os dados parasitológicos foram obtidos por meio da gota espessa mensurada (60µl de sangue), coletada entre as 20 e 24 horas, processada e corada pelo método de Carrazi. Os dados obtidos foram descritos em tabelas, e a densidade parasitária e freqüência microfilarêmica analisadas através de gráficos com expressão logarítima. De maneira global, Recife apresentou prevalência de 13,5%, e Olinda, 12,3%. Quando comparamos a densidade parasitária, Olinda apresentou valor médio de 70 microfilárias por 60µl de sangue, e Recife, 41. Em relação aos índices microfilarêmicos, o maior ocorreu na faixa etária de 20-29 anos. Em Olinda, por outro lado, situou se entre 30-39 anos e em indivíduos do sexo masculino. Os autores concluem que a endemia apresenta níveis endêmicos do passado, e os dados descritos alertam para uma reavaliação das campanhas de controle realizadas pela Fundação Nacional de Saúde (FNS), já que a endemia atinge dimensões ainda não mensuradas.

Two districts in Recife (Santo Amaro and Campo Grande) and two districts in Olinda (Sapucaia and Salgadinho), were selected for a comparative study of bancroftian filariasis in Greater Recife. Selection parameters included similar socio-economic, demographic, and endemic levels of lymphatic filariasis. In the districts studied, streets were chosen randomly. These clusters consisted of 110 people each. A population sample was stratified by sex and age: 0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60 years old and over. The parasitological data were obtained by measuring thick blood smears (60µl), collected from 8:00 to 12:00 PM and processed and stained with hematoxylin. The data were described in tables, and logarithimic expression graphics were used to analyze parasitic densities. In general, Recife showed a prevalence of 13.5%, and Olinda 12.3%. Mean parasitic densities were 41 and 70 microfilariae/60µl (mf/60µl), respectively. Higher microfilaremic rates were observed in Recife for the 20-29-year age bracket and in Olinda in the 30-39-year bracket. The authors concluded that the disease has returned to former endemic levels, and the data described call for a reevaluation of control campaigns carried out by the Brazilian National Health Foundation, since the endemic has already reached serious proportions.